Peace Education in UNICEF

Berikut ini adalah ringkasan dari tulisan Susan Fountain dengan judul "Peace Education in UNICEF"

Peace education is an essential component of quality basic education. This paper defines peace education as the process of promoting the knowledge, skills, attitudes and values needed to bring about behaviour changes that will enable children, youth and adults to prevent conflict and violence, both overt and structural; to resolve conflict peacefully; and to create the conditions conducive to peace, whether at an intrapersonal, interpersonal, intergroup, national or international level.

In this paper, issues pertaining to peace education are considered from the perspective of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the Jomtien Declaration on Education for All. The relationship between peace education and other educational initiatives (children’s rights/human rights education, education for development, gender training, global education, life skills education, landmine awareness, and psychosocial rehabilitation) is examined. The aims of peace education as they appear in programmes around the world are then summarized, followed by a brief survey of the types of approaches that have been used in a variety of educational environments. A number of ‘windows of opportunity’ for peace education are described. A rationale for the use of interactive, learner-centred methods in peace education is presented, along with elements of effective peace education programmes selected from current research. The paper concludes with an overview of methods for evaluating peace education programmes, sample behavioural indicators, and suggestions for setting up an evaluation.

Peace education programmes have been developed in a number of UNICEF country offices and National Committees for UNICEF over the past decade. Ideas are continually evolving about how to use the full range of children’s educational experiences to promote commitment to principles of peace and social justice. Therefore, this paper should be seen as a working document, rather than a statement of policy. Its purpose is to stimulate further discussion and networking among UNICEF colleagues, to move towards a clearer articulation of good practice in peace education, and to pave the way for further exploration of how
best to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of this area of UNICEF activity. As the need to evaluate peace education programmes becomes greater, so too does the need for a common framework within which to examine their content and
methods.

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