Thursday, 5 February 2009

Pendidikan Perdamaian dan Membangun Perdamaian

Kita seringkali mendengar istilah Peace Building, yang kalau diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia, ada banyak terjemahannya... ada yang menerjemahkan sebagai Bina Damai, Pembangunan Perdamaian, atau juga Membangun Perdamaian. untuk tulisan saya, saya memakai yang terjemahan yang terakhir, Membangun Perdamaian.


Proses Membangun Perdamaian adalah proses yang berkelanjutan dan tidak pernah berhenti. Kegiatan-kegiatan untuk mewujudkan perdamaian yang menyeluruh merupakan kerja yang terintegrasi dari banyak komponen. Dengan menggunakan Segitiga Pendidikan Perdamaian, maka dapat dijelaskan juga dengan lebih mudah apa saja yang termaktub dalam kegiatan Membangun Perdamaian.


Dalam Segitiga Pendidikan Perdamaian, 3 elemen utama yang menyusun Pendidikan Perdamaian adalah muatan, hubungan, dan metode. Maka dalam Membangun Perdamaian, ketiga elemen itu dapat kita gunakan juga untuk menjelaskan mengenai apa itu Membangun Perdamaian.


Muatan yang ingin diwujudkan dalam Membangun Perdamaian adalah terwujudnya Pemerintahan yang Baik (good governance), keteraturan dan penegakan hukum, demokrasi partisipatif, dan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia. Muatan-muatan tersebut tidak berdiri sendiri akan tetapi terkait satu sama lain. Pemerintahan yang baik diperlukan guna menjamin terbentuknya aturan hukum yang jelas, pelaksanaan demokrasi yang partisipatif, juga terpenuhinya hak-hak asasi manusia. Demikian pula dengan adanya aturan dan penegakan hukum, maka demokrasi partisipatif dapat berjalan lancar, hak asasi manusia juga dapat terjamin, dan sekaligus dapat mengontrol berjalannya pemerintahan yang baik. Demokrasi partisipatif dari semua warga masyarakat menjadi sarana untuk penyuaraan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia, pengawasan pemerintahan yang baik, juga permintaan jaminan agar hukum ditegakkan. Dan pemenuhan hak asasi manusia menjadi dasar agar tiap individu dapat menjalankan pemerintahan dengan baik, dapat menjalankan fungsi mereka dalam menegakkan hukum, dan partisipasi dalam demokrasi sendiri sudah menjadi bagian dari terpenuhinya hak asasi manusia.


Hubungan yang dimaksud dalam Membangun Perdamaian adalah kesetaraan peran dari semua pihak dalam Membangun Perdamaian. Semua elemen dalam masyarakat, baik aparat pemerintahan, aparat keamanan, anggota masyarakat, wanita, pria, anak-anak, orang usia lanjut, kelompok minoritas dan mayoritas, semuanya mempunyai kedudukan yang setara dan sama-sama memiliki posisi penting dalam Membangun Perdamaian. Setiap individu dengan peran dan tanggung jawabnya masing-masing mempunyai kontribusi yang signifikan bagi tercapainya perdamaian yang seutuhnya.


Metode yang dipakai dalam Membangun Perdamaian adalah metode-metode yang meninggalkan cara-cara kekerasan, mengarusutamakan cara-cara nir-kekerasan, melibatkan semua pihak tanpa terkecuali dan tanpa diskriminasi, membuka ruang dialog untuk mencapai kesejahteraan bersama, dan menggunakan strategi yang memikirkan rencana jangka pendek sekaligus juga jangka menengah dan jangka panjang. membangun Perdamaian bukan hanya bertujuan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan saat ini, akan tetapi juga memikirkan apakah hasil dari kegiatan Membangun Perdamaian yang dilakukan pada saat ini juga dapat menjamin keberlangsungan perdamaian yang ada. Apakah anak cucu kita nanti juga masih tetap dapat menikmati perdamaian.


Pendidikan Perdamaian dan Membangun Perdamaian memang kemudian menjadi satu kesatuan yang tidak dapat dipisahkan. Keduanya saling mengisi. Ketika kita melakukan kegiatan Membangun Perdamaian, maka pada saat itulah kita melaksanakan Pendidikan Perdamaian.

Saturday, 5 July 2008

Peace Education Pedagogy

There are many ways to create teaching-learning activities which are in line with peace education spirit. yang pasti, peace education itu selalu kreatif dan membangun daya pikir kita.

berikut ini adalah gambar beberapa metode pembelajaran secara pendidikan perdamaian:

Bermain Peran

Socio Drama

Diskusi Kelas

Diskusi Kelompok Kecil

Games/Permainan

Berkreasi

Menari

Membuat Poster

Mengarang

Menulis Puisi

Wednesday, 13 February 2008

Lesson Plan Pendidikan Perdamaian 2

ini contah lesson plan pendidikan perdamaian yang lain...

LESSON PLAN BAHASA INDONESIA SUBJECT
  
Theme: Public Service Advertisement  

Purposes/Objectives  
- To understand about the message behind an advertisement  
- To raise the awareness of the right of education  

Topics  
- Public service advertisement  
- The right of education  

Values  
- Solidarity  
- Consciousness / awareness  

Time required
One session of 45 minutes  

Grade/year level
Sixth grade level (12 years old)  

Material  
- Public service advertisement from magazine or newspaper.  

The image
  
Translation:  
This public service advertisement is made by GNOTA (Gerakan Nasional Orang Tua Asuh) or national movement of supporting parents. This movement was made by the Indonesian government to support children who do not have access to the education because of financial problems.  

This advertisement uses an image of Papuan child, and the text said: "I want to reach my future but I have difficulties in getting the knowledge that I need. Help us, your children to reach their dreams to develop the nation."  

Beside the logo id the slogan of the GNOTA, together we participate in educating nation's life. And the text inside the black box is the Bank account number where people can donate their money for the movement.  

Introduction  
Based on the national curriculum on the Bahasa Indonesia subject, one of the basic competences that students should have is competence in intensive reading. To fulfill that goal, students can practice through reading an advertisement. There are three indicators that stated in the curriculum to guide the reading an advertisement activity, which are:  
1. Students can explain the target audience of the advertisement.  
2. Students can deduce the content of the advertisement.  
3. Students can paraphrase the advertisement (Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, 2003).  

The use of public service advertisement is one of the ways to include peace education in Bahasa Indonesia subject. Through the review and analysis of public service advertisement, it is also expected to raise the awareness of students on the content of the public service advertisement.  

Lesson Proper  
(Instruction for the teacher)  

Teacher Preparation  
- Prepare copies of the public service advertisement.  

Class Activity  
1. Distribute the copies of the Public service advertisement to students.  
2. Asking students to form groups and discuss the advertisement.  
3. After 15-20 minutes, students will go back to the class and having a class discussion.  
4. After the discussion, students are asked to write or paraphrase the advertisement in one or two paragraphs.  

Discussion  
Start the discussion by asking the students the following questions:  
- What is public service advertisement?  
- What is the topic of the advertisement?  
- Who made the advertisement?  
- What strategy they use in the advertisement? (the language, the image)  
- Who are the target audience of the advertisement?  

The discussion can be broader by discussing about the right of education and the role of the government in this issue.  

Synthesis  
- Raising the awareness of the right of education to the students is very important. Students should understand that they have right to get education, and the government guarantees this right.  
- Students can see or reflect from their neighborhood, how is the condition of the children? Are they all have access to education or not.  
- There are also a lot of children in Indonesia especially, and in the world generally that still do not have access to education.  

Commitment to Action  
This lesson can be used to encourage students to develop a commitment to action in raising the awareness about the right of education. Examples of concrete action include:  
- Students can help children in their neighborhood who have no access to school by forming study groups and teach them how to write, read, and count.  
- Students can collect their used books, newspaper, or magazine, and forms a little library for the children in their neighborhood.  
- Students can discuss this issue with their parents and ask their parents to discuss this issue to the community.  

Reference  
Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2003). Kurikulum 2004  Standar Kompetensi Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Sekolah Dasar dan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Retrieved April 29, 2006 from http://www.puskur.or.id/data/2004/Standar%20Kompetensi/Standar%20Kompetensi%20SD-MI/03.%20Bahasa%20Indonesia.pdf  

  

  

Tuesday, 12 February 2008

Lesson Plan Pendidikan Perdamaian 1

saya mau berbagi lesson plan pendidikan perdamaian yang pernah saya buat. lesson plan ini adalah tugas sewaktu saya kuliah dulu, dan kemudian diterapkan di tempat saya melakukan praktek kerja, di American International School, San Jose, Costa Rica.


LESSON PLAN FOR AMERICAN INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL
Theme: Environmental Education

Purposes/Objectives
• To raise the awareness of the students about environment

Topics
• Planting flowers
• Saving the water

Values
• Caring
• Consciousness / awareness
• Responsibility

Time required
Two sessions of 45 minutes

Grade/year level
Kindergarten Level

Introduction
Environmental education is part of the basic education that should be delivered to students as early as possible. Protecting the environment and reserving the environment are parts of this education. Students should be aware about the importance of environment for their life and for the world, now and the future.
Nowadays, the environmental condition of the world becomes worse. We have to start the effort to stop the degradation. School has an important role to introduce and promote the values behind environmental education.
In the kindergarten level, we can start some environmental education that at the same time also develop the personal development of the student, such as taking care of something. Having their own flower, students at the kindergarten level will learn to have responsibility taking care of their flower. Students also learn about taking care of something.
Promoting the economical use of water also becomes a good lesson for students. By informing the students about the condition of water in the world, it will raise the awareness of the students by not wasting the water.

Lesson Proper
First Activity (Instruction for the teacher)

Materials
• Empty can or jar
• Paint
• Flower
• Soil

Class Activity
1. Students are asked to paint the empty can or jar.
2. After finishing painting, students will plant flower in their can or jar and place it in the class.
3. Students will water their plant regularly.

Discussion
Some questions that may be raised are:
• Have you ever planted flowers before?
• Does flower need to eat?
• Where does the food for the flower come from?
• How do you feel by having a flower that you have to take care of?

Second Activity (Instruction for the teacher)

Material
• Paper
• Water color / crayon / marker
• Tape

Class Activity
1. Students are asked to draw a sign about saving water on a piece of paper.
2. The signs will be placed in strategic area in the school.

Discussion
Some questions that may be raised are:
• How does your family use water?
• Where can we find water resources?
• Why should we save the water?

Commitment to Action
This lesson can be used to encourage students to develop a commitment to action in raising the awareness about the environment. Examples of concrete action include:
• Students will care about flowers and plants in their house.
• Students will use the water economically.
• Students can promote the economical use of water in their family.

Thursday, 10 January 2008

Games and Exercises

Dokumen ini sangat berguna... memberi ide-ide untuk kita mengenai permainan dan aktivitas yang dapat kita gunakan dalam kegiatan-kegiatan, baik di kelas, lokakarya, maupun pelatihan dan bentuk pertemuan lainnya...

silakan dipilih yang sesuai dengan konteks anda... inilah linknya: Games & Exercises

Tuesday, 8 January 2008

Peace Lessons from Around the World

Hague Appeal for Peace menerbitkan sebuah bacaan berjudul Peace Lessons from Around the World. Dalam bacaan ini, kita akan diajak untuk membaca rancangan pembelajaran dengan tema-tema perdamaian dari berbagai belahan dunia, dan diharapkan rancangan pembelajaran tersebut bisa menjadi sumber inspirasi bagi kita untuk bersama-sama mewujudkan dunia damai...

Tertarik untuk membacanya? silakan unduh di: sini

Culture of Peace

UNESCO telah mencanangkan dekade budaya perdamaian, yaitu mulai tahun 2001-2010. Apa sih budaya perdamaian itu? menurut definisi yang dikeluarkan oleh UNESCO, budaya perdamaian adalah:

"a set of values, attitudes, modes of behaviour and ways of life that reject violence and prevent conflicts by tackling their root causes to solve problems through dialogue and negotiation among individuals, groups and nations."

mau tahu lebih banyak? silakan berkunjung ke: sini